{"id":12373,"date":"2026-05-28T10:56:50","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T10:56:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/?post_type=portfolio&#038;p=12373"},"modified":"2026-06-15T09:22:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T09:22:09","slug":"ciclo-ii-la-revolucion-de-las-autoras-de-comic-2-4","status":"publish","type":"portfolio","link":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/portfolio-item\/ciclo-ii-la-revolucion-de-las-autoras-de-comic-2-4\/","title":{"rendered":"CYCLE II | The (r)evolution of comic book authors [2\/4]"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Last Wednesday, May 27th, we continued with the project <em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/ilustradoras-y-artistas-del-comic\/\">\u201cVisitising comic book illustrators and artists on Wikipedia\u201d<\/a><\/strong><\/em>, coordinated by Wikisphere and funded by the Women's Institute. The second session of the <strong>CYCLE II | <em>The (r)evolution of comic book authors: From Classicism to Modernity<\/em><\/strong>, driven by <strong>Elisa McCausland<\/strong> y <strong>Diego Salgado<\/strong>, traced the history of illustrators and editors in American comics, from the Silver Age to the heiresses of the <em>underground<\/em> feminist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"gt-escucha-la-sesion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>&gt; Listen to the session<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>We will record all the dissemination sessions of this project that we will organize in several bookstores in Madrid. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also, you can follow <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/go.ivoox.com\/sq\/3114613\">our IVOOX Channel<\/a><\/strong> so you don't miss any.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.ivoox.com\/player_ej_174536953_6_1.html?c1=741c83\" width=\"100%\" height=\"200\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" scrolling=\"no\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"gt-resumen\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>&gt; Summary<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Elisa McCausland and Diego Salgado analyzed in this second session of the second cycle of disclosure what the 50s were like in the United States, in an America full of contradictions: The Second World War had massively incorporated women into the labour market, but the post-war period brought strong pressure for them to return to the domestic sphere. It was precisely this tension that <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Betty_Friedan\">Betty Friedan<\/a><\/strong> diagnosed in <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_m%C3%ADstica_de_la_feminidad\"><em>The mystique of femininity<\/em><\/a>, unveiling the <strong>profound dissatisfaction of thousands of women trapped in a model of life that was presented to them as the only possible<\/strong>. What was expected of them and what they had already shown they could do permeates both the cinema of the time and their graphic humor, and explains why the change was gradual and cumulative, not a sudden outburst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>the Silver Age <em><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comic_book\">comic book<\/a><\/em> introduced more complex superheroes and superheroines and, with them, an increasingly notable female presence in the industry<\/strong>. Educated and university women entered as authors and editors, gradually transforming the medium from within. <strong>Holly Resnikoff<\/strong> wrote romantic stories with feminist nuance from Marvel; <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flo_Steinberg\">Flo Steinberg<\/a><\/strong> it ranged from letters from readers to becoming a screenwriter; <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dorothy_Woolfolk\">Dorothy Woolfolk<\/a><\/strong> edited important headlines after years away from the sector. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marie_Severin\">Marie Severin<\/a><\/strong> He worked in all aspects of the trade (color, tinting, character design, merchandising) with an overall vision that few had. Y <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jenette_Kahn\">Jennette Kahn<\/a><\/strong>, with actual executive power in DC Comics, left a structural imprint: When she left, half the staff were women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Jump to <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/C%C3%B3mic_underground\">comic <em>underground<\/em><\/a><\/strong> It wasn't just cultural: It was also economical and technical. The self-censorship code that regulated the sector worked because distribution was centralized. When independent bookstores and the <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xerograf%C3%ADa\">xerography<\/a> greatly reduced production, the system cracked. A new, freer and also more precarious ecosystem was born, where the <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wimmen%27s_Comix\">Wimmen\u2019s Comix<\/a><\/em><\/strong> (in English), powered by <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trina_Robbins\">Trina Robbins<\/a><\/strong> in the 1970s with an intense internal debate about what that space should be: <strong>the representation of love between women, lesbian authors, political correctness, the balance between dissemination and personal expression<\/strong>. More radical in his proposal was <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twisted_Sisters\">Twisted Sisters<\/a><\/em><\/strong>, one <strong>anthology that prioritized one's own experience over any editorial program<\/strong>. His heiresses (<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phoebe_Gloeckner\">Phoebe Gloeckner<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Debbie_Drechsler\">Debbie Drechsler<\/a><\/strong> (in English), <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aline_Kominsky-Crumb\">Aline Kominsky<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diane_Noomin\">Diane Noomin<\/a><\/strong>) formed a current in which activism and autobiography became central narrative tools. Not without risks: These publications constantly faced the threat of being classified as pornography and suffering censorship or persecution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Transit of <em>underground<\/em> to <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Historieta_alternativa\">independent comic book<\/a><\/strong> It involved a paradox. The <em>underground<\/em> was necessarily marginal: could not be sold in conventional kiosks. The independent created a parallel circuit of specialized bookstores with direct sales, which offered greater thematic freedom but was also part of the commercial system. Over time, that independent space was absorbed by the <em>mainstream<\/em>. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wendy_y_Richard_Pini\">Wendy Pini<\/a><\/strong> illustrates this tension well: created <em><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elfquest\"><strong>ElfQuest<\/strong><\/a><\/em> with his partner from the most artisanal self-publishing, but with a vocation of <strong>Heroic fantasy that ended up finding channels <em>mainstream<\/em><\/strong>. For its part, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karen_Berger\">Karen Berger<\/a><\/strong> He revamped the 1980s comic book by traveling to Britain and discovering a new generation of authors who brought a distinct literary sensibility. That experiment crystallized in the early 90s on the seal <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vertigo_(DC_Comics)\">Vertigo<\/a><\/strong>, the attempt by major publishers to absorb the adult market without losing their commercial identity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The tour went as far as <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alison_Bechdel\">Alison Bechdel<\/a><\/strong>, author of <em><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fun_Home\">Fun Home<\/a><\/em> y <em><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C2%BFEres_mi_madre%3F\">Are You My Mother<\/a><\/em>, whose trajectory summarizes many of the tensions of the period: the conversion of the <em>underground<\/em> to the graphic novel, the discomfort of that transit, self-determination as a process never completely resolved. Bechdel has publicly questioned his own transition, and his current work remains anchored in the exploration of the everyday and the intimate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"gt-bibliografia\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>&gt; Bibliography<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2026-05-27_sesion-divulgacion_01-1024x360.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2026-05-27_sesion-divulgacion_01-1024x360.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2026-05-27_sesion-divulgacion_01-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2026-05-27_sesion-divulgacion_01-768x270.png 768w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2026-05-27_sesion-divulgacion_01-1536x540.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2026-05-27_sesion-divulgacion_01-2048x720.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2026-05-27_sesion-divulgacion_01-18x6.png 18w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2026-05-27_sesion-divulgacion_01-150x53.png 150w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2026-05-27_sesion-divulgacion_01-400x141.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the session, the following works were mentioned:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1963 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/La_m%C3%ADstica_de_la_feminidad\"><em><strong>The mystique of femininity<\/strong><\/em><\/a> from <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Betty_Friedan\">Betty Friedan<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1970 &#8211;<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/It_Ain%27t_Me,_Babe\"><em>It Ain\u2019t Me, Babe<\/em><\/a><\/strong> from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trina_Robbins\">Trina Robbins<\/a>&nbsp;y&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barbara_Mendes\">Barbara \"Willy\" Mendes<\/a>, the first comic book produced entirely by women<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1972-1987 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tits_&amp;_Clits_Comix\"><em><strong>Tits &amp; Clits Comix<\/strong><\/em><\/a> from <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joyce_Farmer\">Joyce Farmer<\/a> y <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lyn_Chevli\">Lyn Chevli<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1973 &#8211; <em><strong>Abortion Eve<\/strong> <\/em>by Joyce Farmer and Lyn Chevli, an educational comic about women's newly guaranteed reproductive rights<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1976 &#8211; <em><strong>Dynamite Damsels<\/strong> <\/em>from <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roberta_Gregory\">Roberta Gregory<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1998 &#8211; <em><strong>Bitchy Bitch<\/strong> <\/em>Roberta Gregory 's<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 id=\"gt-colaboran\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>&gt; Collaborate<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"440\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Logo_Fuegote_Limpio-PNG.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10779\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Logo_Fuegote_Limpio-PNG.png 440w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Logo_Fuegote_Limpio-PNG-300x218.png 300w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Logo_Fuegote_Limpio-PNG-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Logo_Fuegote_Limpio-PNG-150x109.png 150w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Logo_Fuegote_Limpio-PNG-400x291.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logo-catedra-cuadrado.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10892\" style=\"width:115px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logo-catedra-cuadrado.png 1080w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logo-catedra-cuadrado-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logo-catedra-cuadrado-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logo-catedra-cuadrado-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logo-catedra-cuadrado-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logo-catedra-cuadrado-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logo-catedra-cuadrado-400x400.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1584\" height=\"724\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/GENxrosa1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10790\" style=\"width:139px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/GENxrosa1.png 1584w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/GENxrosa1-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/GENxrosa1-1024x468.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/GENxrosa1-768x351.png 768w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/GENxrosa1-1536x702.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/GENxrosa1-18x8.png 18w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/GENxrosa1-150x69.png 150w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/GENxrosa1-400x183.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1584px) 100vw, 1584px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 id=\"gt-financia\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>&gt; Finance<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"372\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logolema-4-color-1024x372.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10727\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logolema-4-color-1024x372.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logolema-4-color-300x109.png 300w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logolema-4-color-768x279.png 768w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logolema-4-color-1536x558.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logolema-4-color-2048x744.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logolema-4-color-18x7.png 18w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logolema-4-color-150x55.png 150w, https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/logolema-4-color-400x145.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On Wednesday 27 May, we continued with the project \u2018Visibilizing comic book illustrators and artists on Wikipedia\u2019, coordinated by Wikiesfera and funded by the Women\u2019s Institute. The second session of CYCLE II | The (r)evolution of comic book authors: From Classicism to Modernity, led by Elisa McCausland and Diego [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11078,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12373","portfolio","type-portfolio","status-publish","format-gallery","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","portfolio_category-396","portfolio_category-glam","portfolio_category-instituto-de-las-mujeres","portfolio_category-vinetaria","portfolio-entry","span_1_of_4 col clr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio\/12373","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/portfolio"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12373"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio\/12373\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12525,"href":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio\/12373\/revisions\/12525"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11078"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wikiesfera.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12373"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}